A Bankart tear is an injury to the front of the shoulder's labrum that almost always follows an anterior shoulder dislocation and predisposes the shoulder to recurrent instability. Afterward, the shoulder may feel loose or slip out again in certain arm positions, so early evaluation matters.
A Bankart tear usually follows a shoulder dislocation. Some patients, especially those who are older or less active, do well with physical therapy that strengthens the muscles around the joint. Because the torn labrum does not reliably heal back in place, younger and more active patients have a high chance of repeat dislocations, and arthroscopic repair is often recommended for them.
Below, we walk through the anatomy involved, the symptoms and causes we most often see, how we diagnose a Bankart tear, and the full range of treatment options, from the simplest to the most involved.