A SLAP tear is an injury to the top part of the shoulder's labrum (the ring of cartilage around the socket), common in throwers and after falls onto an outstretched hand. Symptoms can develop gradually or after a specific injury, so early evaluation matters when function starts to decline.
Many patients with a SLAP tear improve with conservative care: rest from throwing and overhead activity, anti-inflammatory medication, and physical therapy to strengthen the rotator cuff and shoulder blade muscles. When symptoms persist after a course of therapy, arthroscopic surgery can repair the labrum or treat the biceps tendon attachment, as discussed below.
Below, we walk through the anatomy involved, the symptoms and causes we most often see, how we diagnose a SLAP tear, and the full range of treatment options, from the simplest to the most involved.